Copperhead snakes (Agkistrodon contortrix) in North Carolina

Overview:

• One of the most common venomous snakes in North Carolina

• Found throughout the state and most of the eastern United States

• Easily recognizable by distinctive hourglass patterns on tan to copper background

Habitat and Behavior:

• Prefers wooded or mixed habitats

• Primarily diurnal, but also active during dusk and dawn

• Most active in spring and fall; less active during peak summer heat and winter

• Generally solitary, except during mating season

Life Cycle:

• Breeding occurs in spring

• Gestation period: 3-4 months

• Females give birth to 3-18 live young in late summer

Diet and Predators:

• Carnivorous: feeds on small mammals, birds, and amphibians

• Natural predators include larger snakes, birds of prey, and mammals like raccoons

Unique Characteristics:

• Defensive behavior: flattening body and remaining still for camouflage

• Less aggressive compared to other venomous snakes

• Bite rarely fatal to humans but requires medical attention

Human Interactions:

Common Occurrences:

• Presence in yards and gardens, especially in areas with dense foliage or debris

• Unexpected encounters, typically avoidable with awareness

Uncommon Occurrences:

• Snake bites (usually if stepped on or provoked)

• Snakes living in crawlspaces or attics

Resolution Methods:

DIY Solutions:

• Eliminate attractants: clear debris, tall grass, and wood piles

• Seal entry points to homes

• Create snake-resistant landscape using gravel or mulch

Professional Wildlife Control:

• Proper species identification

• Safe and humane trapping and relocation

• Home inspections to identify entry points and potential habitats

Remember: Copperheads generally avoid human interaction and are not typically aggressive.

For persistent copperhead problems, consider implementing a multi-faceted approach. Install snake-proof fencing around your property, ensuring it's buried at least 6 inches deep and angled outward. Use natural repellents or commercial snake repellents around the perimeter of your property. If you live in an area with frequent copperhead sightings, consider taking a snake identification and safety course to better prepare yourself. Always have emergency contact information for local wildlife control and medical facilities readily available. Remember, prevention is key – regularly inspect and maintain your property to minimize attractive habitats for copperheads. If you must remove a copperhead, never attempt to handle it yourself; always contact a professional wildlife removal service to ensure both your safety and the humane treatment of the snake.